TAN: Melanin is the substance that gives color to our skin complexion. When our skin is exposed to the sun, our body produces higher amounts of melanin which leads to tan. This is generally observed on parts of the body that are exposed to the sun such as the face, arms, hands, etc.

However, there are many ways to protect your skin from the sun. Tanning can be treated with laser treatment, light-based treatments, and chemical peels.

MELASMA: These are dark or brown patches that are generally found on the forehead, cheeks, and nose. This is a common problem among women at the age group of 20-50 and occurs mainly due to sun exposure, hormonal imbalance, and genetic predisposition. It can be treated with peels, laser treatments and the results of the treatment depends on the skin type, lifestyle, and severity of the problem.

FRECKLES: When melanin gets concentrated at a particular place, freckles are observed. This is common for people with fair skin complexion and occurs majorly due to sun exposure. Q-switched lasers are used to treat this problem.

POST INFLAMMATORY HYPERPIGMENTATION: Most common thing that people do when they observe a pimple/acne on their skin is to squeeze it out leading to pigmentation. Apart from that, when skin injuries heal, pigmentation may occur at that place. Proper medication and sunscreen lotions etc. are enough to reconcile this problem along with a combination of peels and lasers.

PERI-ORAL PIGMENTATION: This is caused due to thyroid, dandruff, excessive usage of cosmetics, genetic reasons. It can be treated with chemical peels, retinoid, kojic acid, anti-fungal and anti-dandruff medications.